7.7 KiB
7.7 KiB
备份与恢复(Ubuntu 服务器)
本文档面向 VPS / Ubuntu,项目统一放在 /opt/crypto_monitor_user,数据备份统一放在 /root/backups。
| 类型 | 内容 | 存放位置 | 频率 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 数据库 + 复盘图片 | crypto.db、static/images |
/root/backups/<实例名>/YYYY-MM-DD/ |
每天北京时间 0:00(cron) |
.env 配置 |
API、密码、风控参数等 | 项目目录 .env.backup.日期;可选集中拷到 /root/backups/env/ |
升级 / 改配置前手动执行 |
.env不会被自动备份脚本包含(含密钥,请单独备份)。
三个常用实例:crypto_monitor_binance、crypto_monitor_gate、crypto_monitor_gate_bot。
一、首次安装:三个实例自动备份 + 试跑
整段复制到 SSH 终端执行(需 root 或对该目录有写权限):
apt install -y sqlite3 2>/dev/null || true
for dir in crypto_monitor_binance crypto_monitor_gate crypto_monitor_gate_bot; do
cd "/opt/crypto_monitor_user/${dir}" || exit 1
chmod +x scripts/backup_data.sh scripts/install_backup_cron.sh
bash scripts/install_backup_cron.sh
bash scripts/backup_data.sh
done
echo "=== crontab ==="
crontab -l
echo "=== backup dirs ==="
ls -la /root/backups/*/
成功后应有:
crontab -l含一行CRON_TZ=Asia/Shanghai+ 三条0 0 * * * .../backup_data.sh/root/backups/crypto_monitor_binance/2026-05-17/(日期为当天)等目录,内含crypto.db、static_images.tar.gz、manifest.txt
日志路径:
/var/log/crypto-monitor-backup-crypto_monitor_binance.log/var/log/crypto-monitor-backup-crypto_monitor_gate.log/var/log/crypto-monitor-backup-crypto_monitor_gate_bot.log
二、仅安装某一个实例的自动备份
把 INSTANCE 改成目录名后整段执行:
INSTANCE=crypto_monitor_binance
cd "/opt/crypto_monitor_user/${INSTANCE}"
chmod +x scripts/backup_data.sh scripts/install_backup_cron.sh
bash scripts/install_backup_cron.sh
bash scripts/backup_data.sh
INSTANCE 可选:crypto_monitor_binance | crypto_monitor_gate | crypto_monitor_gate_bot
三、手动立即备份(数据库 + 图片,三个实例)
不等到 0 点,立刻各备份一次:
for dir in crypto_monitor_binance crypto_monitor_gate crypto_monitor_gate_bot; do
echo ">>> ${dir}"
bash "/opt/crypto_monitor_user/${dir}/scripts/backup_data.sh"
done
ls -la /root/backups/*/*/
四、检查定时任务与备份是否正常
crontab -l
ls -la /root/backups/*/
du -sh /root/backups/*/
tail -n 20 /var/log/crypto-monitor-backup-crypto_monitor_binance.log
tail -n 20 /var/log/crypto-monitor-backup-crypto_monitor_gate.log
tail -n 20 /var/log/crypto-monitor-backup-crypto_monitor_gate_bot.log
五、.env 备份(升级 / git pull / 改密钥前)
5.1 三个实例一次性备份到各自项目目录
DATE=$(TZ=Asia/Shanghai date +%Y%m%d)
for dir in crypto_monitor_binance crypto_monitor_gate crypto_monitor_gate_bot; do
src="/opt/crypto_monitor_user/${dir}/.env"
dst="/opt/crypto_monitor_user/${dir}/.env.backup.${DATE}"
if [ -f "$src" ]; then
cp -a "$src" "$dst"
echo "ok: $dst"
else
echo "skip (no .env): $src"
fi
done
5.2 同时集中备份到 /root/backups/env/(推荐)
DATE=$(TZ=Asia/Shanghai date +%Y%m%d)
mkdir -p /root/backups/env
for dir in crypto_monitor_binance crypto_monitor_gate crypto_monitor_gate_bot; do
src="/opt/crypto_monitor_user/${dir}/.env"
if [ -f "$src" ]; then
cp -a "$src" "/root/backups/env/${dir}.env.${DATE}"
echo "ok: /root/backups/env/${dir}.env.${DATE}"
fi
done
ls -la /root/backups/env/
/root/backups/env/含密钥,勿上传网盘、勿提交 Git。
六、.env 恢复
6.1 从项目目录内的备份恢复
把 INSTANCE 和 DATE 改成实际值(DATE 为备份当天的 YYYYMMDD):
INSTANCE=crypto_monitor_binance
DATE=20260517
cd "/opt/crypto_monitor_user/${INSTANCE}"
cp -a ".env.backup.${DATE}" .env
echo "restored .env from .env.backup.${DATE}"
6.2 从 /root/backups/env/ 恢复
INSTANCE=crypto_monitor_binance
DATE=20260517
cp -a "/root/backups/env/${INSTANCE}.env.${DATE}" "/opt/crypto_monitor_user/${INSTANCE}/.env"
echo "restored from /root/backups/env/${INSTANCE}.env.${DATE}"
恢复后重启对应 PM2 进程,例如:
pm2 restart crypto-monitor-binance
pm2 restart crypto-monitor-gate
pm2 restart crypto-monitor-gate-bot
(进程名以你 pm2 list 为准。)
七、数据库 + 复盘图片恢复
从自动备份目录恢复。先停服务再覆盖,避免 SQLite 写入冲突。
把 INSTANCE、DATE(文件夹名 YYYY-MM-DD)改成实际值:
INSTANCE=crypto_monitor_binance
DATE=2026-05-17
BK="/root/backups/${INSTANCE}/${DATE}"
PROJ="/opt/crypto_monitor_user/${INSTANCE}"
test -f "${BK}/crypto.db" || { echo "backup not found: ${BK}"; exit 1; }
pm2 stop crypto-monitor-binance 2>/dev/null || true
cp -a "${PROJ}/crypto.db" "${PROJ}/crypto.db.before_restore.$(date +%Y%m%d%H%M)" 2>/dev/null || true
cp -a "${BK}/crypto.db" "${PROJ}/crypto.db"
if [ -f "${BK}/static_images.tar.gz" ]; then
tar -xzf "${BK}/static_images.tar.gz" -C "${PROJ}"
fi
pm2 start crypto-monitor-binance 2>/dev/null || true
echo "restored ${INSTANCE} from ${BK}"
Gate / Gate Bot 将 INSTANCE、pm2 名称改为对应实例即可。
八、升级代码推荐顺序(含备份)
DATE=$(TZ=Asia/Shanghai date +%Y%m%d)
mkdir -p /root/backups/env
for dir in crypto_monitor_binance crypto_monitor_gate crypto_monitor_gate_bot; do
PROJ="/opt/crypto_monitor_user/${dir}"
[ -f "${PROJ}/.env" ] && cp -a "${PROJ}/.env" "/root/backups/env/${dir}.env.${DATE}"
bash "${PROJ}/scripts/backup_data.sh" 2>/dev/null || true
done
cd /opt/crypto_monitor_user
git pull
for dir in crypto_monitor_binance crypto_monitor_gate crypto_monitor_gate_bot; do
echo ">>> merge .env.example if needed: ${dir}"
diff -u "${dir}/.env.example" "${dir}/.env" | head -30 || true
done
pm2 restart all
git pull 后对照各目录 .env.example,把新增变量名手动补进 .env(不会自动合并)。
九、备份目录结构说明
/root/backups/
env/ # .env 集中备份(手动)
crypto_monitor_binance.env.20260517
crypto_monitor_gate.env.20260517
crypto_monitor_gate_bot.env.20260517
crypto_monitor_binance/
2026-05-17/
crypto.db
static_images.tar.gz
manifest.txt
crypto_monitor_gate/
2026-05-17/
...
crypto_monitor_gate_bot/
2026-05-17/
...
- 保留策略:自动备份目录按日期文件夹保留 30 天,超期在下次
backup_data.sh运行时删除。 - 可选
.env变量(写在各实例.env中):BACKUP_ROOT、BACKUP_RETENTION_DAYS、BACKUP_INSTANCE(见各目录.env.example注释)。
十、卸载自动备份定时任务
仅删除三个实例的 backup 行(保留其它 cron):
for dir in crypto_monitor_binance crypto_monitor_gate crypto_monitor_gate_bot; do
SCRIPT="/opt/crypto_monitor_user/${dir}/scripts/backup_data.sh"
crontab -l 2>/dev/null | grep -vF "$SCRIPT" | crontab -
done
crontab -l
十一、相关文档
| 文档 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| README.md | 仓库总览 |
| crypto_monitor_binance/部署文档.md | Binance 部署与备份细节 |
| crypto_monitor_gate/部署文档.md | Gate 部署 |
| crypto_monitor_gate_bot/部署文档.md | Gate Bot 部署 |