学生资料设置、头像与自动备份恢复。

首页卡片支持修改/删除；详情页设置 Tab 可维护学校、年级与头像；系统设置新增数据备份下载与恢复；备份默认存 /root/grade-archive-backups，详见 docs/BACKUP.md。

Co-authored-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>

frontend/src/components/StudentAvatar.tsx

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+import { UserOutlined } from '@ant-design/icons'
+import { Avatar } from 'antd'
+import { useEffect, useState } from 'react'
+import api from '../api/client'
+import type { Student } from '../types'
+
+interface Props {
+  student: Pick<Student, 'id' | 'name' | 'has_avatar'>
+  size?: number
+}
+
+export default function StudentAvatar({ student, size = 40 }: Props) {
+  const [src, setSrc] = useState<string | null>(null)
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!student.has_avatar) {
+      setSrc(null)
+      return
+    }
+    let objectUrl: string | null = null
+    let cancelled = false
+    api
+      .get(`/students/${student.id}/avatar`, { responseType: 'blob' })
+      .then((res) => {
+        if (cancelled) return
+        objectUrl = URL.createObjectURL(res.data)
+        setSrc(objectUrl)
+      })
+      .catch(() => {
+        if (!cancelled) setSrc(null)
+      })
+    return () => {
+      cancelled = true
+      if (objectUrl) URL.revokeObjectURL(objectUrl)
+    }
+  }, [student.id, student.has_avatar])
+
+  return (
+    <Avatar
+      size={size}
+      src={src || undefined}
+      icon={!src ? <UserOutlined /> : undefined}
+      style={{ backgroundColor: src ? undefined : '#1677ff', flexShrink: 0 }}
+    >
+      {!src ? student.name.slice(0, 1) : null}
+    </Avatar>
+  )
+}

frontend/src/components/StudentFormFields.tsx

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+import { Form, Input, Select } from 'antd'
+import { GRADE_OPTIONS, SCHOOL_LEVEL_LABELS } from '../constants/school'
+import type { SchoolLevel } from '../types'
+
+export interface StudentFormValues {
+  name: string
+  school_level: SchoolLevel
+  school_name?: string
+  grade?: string
+  class_name?: string
+}
+
+interface Props {
+  form: ReturnType<typeof Form.useForm<StudentFormValues>>[0]
+}
+
+export default function StudentFormFields({ form }: Props) {
+  const schoolLevel = Form.useWatch('school_level', form) as SchoolLevel | undefined
+
+  return (
+    <>
+      <Form.Item name="name" label="姓名" rules={[{ required: true, message: '请输入姓名' }]}>
+        <Input placeholder="学生姓名" />
+      </Form.Item>
+      <Form.Item name="school_name" label="学校">
+        <Input placeholder="如：XX中学" />
+      </Form.Item>
+      <Form.Item name="school_level" label="学段" rules={[{ required: true }]}>
+        <Select
+          options={Object.entries(SCHOOL_LEVEL_LABELS).map(([value, label]) => ({ value, label }))}
+          onChange={() => form.setFieldValue('grade', undefined)}
+        />
+      </Form.Item>
+      <Form.Item name="grade" label="年级" rules={[{ required: true, message: '请选择年级' }]}>
+        <Select
+          allowClear
+          placeholder={schoolLevel === 'senior_high' ? '请选择高几' : '请选择初几'}
+          options={(GRADE_OPTIONS[schoolLevel || 'junior_high'] || []).map((item) => ({
+            value: item.value,
+            label: item.label,
+          }))}
+        />
+      </Form.Item>
+      <Form.Item name="class_name" label="班级">
+        <Input placeholder="如：3 或 3班" />
+      </Form.Item>
+    </>
+  )
+}

frontend/src/components/StudentSettingsPanel.tsx

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+import { DeleteOutlined, UploadOutlined } from '@ant-design/icons'
+import { Button, Form, Popconfirm, Space, Typography, Upload, message } from 'antd'
+import { useEffect, useState } from 'react'
+import { useNavigate } from 'react-router-dom'
+import { studentApi } from '../api/client'
+import type { Student } from '../types'
+import StudentAvatar from './StudentAvatar'
+import StudentFormFields, { type StudentFormValues } from './StudentFormFields'
+
+interface Props {
+  student: Student
+  onUpdated: (student: Student) => void
+}
+
+export default function StudentSettingsPanel({ student, onUpdated }: Props) {
+  const navigate = useNavigate()
+  const [form] = Form.useForm<StudentFormValues>()
+  const [saving, setSaving] = useState(false)
+  const [avatarLoading, setAvatarLoading] = useState(false)
+  const [current, setCurrent] = useState(student)
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    setCurrent(student)
+    form.setFieldsValue({
+      name: student.name,
+      school_name: student.school_name || undefined,
+      school_level: student.school_level,
+      grade: student.grade || undefined,
+      class_name: student.class_name || undefined,
+    })
+  }, [student, form])
+
+  const handleSave = async () => {
+    const values = await form.validateFields()
+    setSaving(true)
+    try {
+      const { data } = await studentApi.update(student.id, values)
+      setCurrent(data)
+      onUpdated(data)
+      message.success('学生资料已保存')
+    } finally {
+      setSaving(false)
+    }
+  }
+
+  const handleAvatar = async (file: File) => {
+    setAvatarLoading(true)
+    try {
+      const { data } = await studentApi.uploadAvatar(student.id, file)
+      setCurrent(data)
+      onUpdated(data)
+      message.success('头像已更新')
+    } catch {
+      message.error('头像上传失败')
+    } finally {
+      setAvatarLoading(false)
+    }
+    return false
+  }
+
+  const handleRemoveAvatar = async () => {
+    const { data } = await studentApi.removeAvatar(student.id)
+    setCurrent(data)
+    onUpdated(data)
+    message.success('头像已移除')
+  }
+
+  const handleDelete = async () => {
+    await studentApi.remove(student.id)
+    message.success('学生已删除')
+    navigate('/')
+  }
+
+  return (
+    <Space direction="vertical" size="large" style={{ width: '100%', maxWidth: 520 }}>
+      <Typography.Paragraph type="secondary" style={{ marginBottom: 0 }}>
+        在此修改学生基本信息。年级按学段选择（初一至初三 / 高一至高三），供 AI 与统计按课内要求使用。
+      </Typography.Paragraph>
+
+      <Space align="center" size="middle">
+        <StudentAvatar student={current} size={72} />
+        <Space direction="vertical" size={8}>
+          <Upload beforeUpload={handleAvatar} showUploadList={false} accept="image/*">
+            <Button icon={<UploadOutlined />} loading={avatarLoading}>
+              上传头像
+            </Button>
+          </Upload>
+          {current.has_avatar && (
+            <Button size="small" danger onClick={handleRemoveAvatar}>
+              移除头像
+            </Button>
+          )}
+        </Space>
+      </Space>
+
+      <Form form={form} layout="vertical">
+        <StudentFormFields form={form} />
+        <Space wrap>
+          <Button type="primary" loading={saving} onClick={handleSave}>
+            保存资料
+          </Button>
+          <Popconfirm
+            title="确定删除该学生？"
+            description="将同时删除其成绩、错题、作文等全部数据，且不可恢复。"
+            onConfirm={handleDelete}
+          >
+            <Button danger icon={<DeleteOutlined />}>
+              删除学生
+            </Button>
+          </Popconfirm>
+        </Space>
+      </Form>
+    </Space>
+  )
+}