错题处理失败时直接显示具体错误信息。

backend/app/models/user.py

@@ -133,6 +133,7 @@ class WrongQuestion(Base):
     solution_text: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
     mark_regions_json: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
     annotated_image_path: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(512), nullable=True)
+    error_message: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
     status: Mapped[WrongQuestionStatus] = mapped_column(
         Enum(WrongQuestionStatus), default=WrongQuestionStatus.pending
     )

backend/app/routers/wrong_questions.py

@@ -19,6 +19,13 @@ from app.services.student_access import get_student_for_user
 router = APIRouter(tags=["wrong_questions"])
 
 
+def _short_error(exc: BaseException, prefix: str = "") -> str:
+    msg = str(exc).strip() or type(exc).__name__
+    if len(msg) > 500:
+        msg = msg[:500] + "…"
+    return f"{prefix}{msg}" if prefix else msg
+
+
 def _parse_mark_regions(raw: str | None) -> list[dict] | None:
     if not raw:
         return None
@@ -43,6 +50,7 @@ def _wq_to_out(wq: WrongQuestion) -> WrongQuestionOut:
         solution_text=wq.solution_text,
         mark_regions=_parse_mark_regions(wq.mark_regions_json),
         has_annotated_image=bool(wq.annotated_image_path),
+        error_message=wq.error_message,
         status=wq.status,
         created_at=wq.created_at,
     )
@@ -74,6 +82,7 @@ async def _run_ai_pipeline(wq: WrongQuestion, db: Session, ocr_lines: list[dict]
     wq.solution_approach = approach
     wq.solution_text = solution_body if approach else solution_full
     wq.status = WrongQuestionStatus.solved
+    wq.error_message = None
 
 
 def _process_wrong_question(question_id: uuid.UUID):
@@ -88,22 +97,26 @@ def _process_wrong_question(question_id: uuid.UUID):
         if wq is None:
             return
 
+        wq.error_message = None
         image_full = Path(settings.UPLOAD_DIR) / wq.image_path
         try:
             ocr_result = ocr_service.run_ocr_with_regions(str(image_full))
             ocr_text = ocr_result["text"]
             ocr_lines = ocr_result["lines"]
             wq.ocr_raw_text = ocr_text or None
-            wq.status = WrongQuestionStatus.ocr_done if ocr_text else WrongQuestionStatus.failed
+            if not ocr_text:
+                wq.status = WrongQuestionStatus.failed
+                wq.error_message = "OCR 未识别到文字，请拍摄更清晰、光线充足的题目照片"
+                db.commit()
+                return
+            wq.status = WrongQuestionStatus.ocr_done
             db.commit()
-        except Exception:
+        except Exception as exc:
             wq.status = WrongQuestionStatus.failed
+            wq.error_message = _short_error(exc, "OCR 识别失败：")
             db.commit()
             return
 
-        if not ocr_text:
-            return
-
         import asyncio
 
         loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
@@ -111,8 +124,9 @@ def _process_wrong_question(question_id: uuid.UUID):
         try:
             loop.run_until_complete(_run_ai_pipeline(wq, db, ocr_lines, ocr_text))
             db.commit()
-        except Exception:
+        except Exception as exc:
-            wq.status = WrongQuestionStatus.ocr_done
+            wq.status = WrongQuestionStatus.failed
+            wq.error_message = _short_error(exc, "AI 处理失败：")
             db.commit()
         finally:
             loop.close()
@@ -293,6 +307,7 @@ def retry_ocr(
         raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND, detail="错题不存在")
 
     wq.status = WrongQuestionStatus.pending
+    wq.error_message = None
     db.commit()
     background_tasks.add_task(_process_wrong_question, wq.id)
     return _wq_to_out(wq)

backend/app/schemas/__init__.py

@@ -237,6 +237,7 @@ class WrongQuestionOut(BaseModel):
     solution_text: str | None
     mark_regions: list[dict] | None = None
     has_annotated_image: bool = False
+    error_message: str | None = None
     status: WrongQuestionStatusEnum
     created_at: datetime
 

backend/app/services/migrate.py

@@ -75,6 +75,8 @@ def run_migrations() -> None:
             wq_alters.append("ADD COLUMN mark_regions_json TEXT")
         if "annotated_image_path" not in wq_columns:
             wq_alters.append("ADD COLUMN annotated_image_path VARCHAR(512)")
+        if "error_message" not in wq_columns:
+            wq_alters.append("ADD COLUMN error_message TEXT")
         if wq_alters:
             with engine.begin() as conn:
                 for clause in wq_alters:

frontend/dist/index.html

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
     <meta name="author" content="马建军" />
     <meta name="copyright" content="Copyright (c) 马建军. All rights reserved." />
     <title>中学成绩档案</title>
-    <script type="module" crossorigin src="/assets/index-CKqFHGFD.js"></script>
+    <script type="module" crossorigin src="/assets/index-C3DkjkK0.js"></script>
     <link rel="stylesheet" crossorigin href="/assets/index-GY2etMYN.css">
   </head>
   <body>

frontend/src/components/WrongQuestionList.tsx

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { DeleteOutlined } from '@ant-design/icons'
-import { Button, Popconfirm, Tag, Typography, message } from 'antd'
+import { Button, Popconfirm, Space, Tag, Typography, message } from 'antd'
 import { wrongQuestionApi } from '../api/client'
 import type { WrongQuestion } from '../types'
 import { STATUS_LABELS } from '../types'
@@ -14,6 +14,19 @@ interface Props {
   emptyText?: string
 }
 
+function cardSummary(wq: WrongQuestion): { tone: 'error' | 'pending' | 'normal'; text: string } {
+  if (wq.error_message) {
+    return { tone: 'error', text: wq.error_message }
+  }
+  if (wq.status === 'pending') {
+    return { tone: 'pending', text: '正在识别、标注并生成解题思路…' }
+  }
+  return {
+    tone: 'normal',
+    text: wq.question_text || wq.ocr_raw_text || STATUS_LABELS[wq.status],
+  }
+}
+
 export default function WrongQuestionList({
   items,
   selectedId,
@@ -35,40 +48,48 @@ export default function WrongQuestionList({
   return (
     <>
       <div className="wq-grid">
-        {items.map((wq) => (
+        {items.map((wq) => {
-          <div key={wq.id} className="wq-card">
+          const summary = cardSummary(wq)
-            <div className="wq-card-click" onClick={() => onSelect(wq.id)}>
+          return (
-              <AuthenticatedImage questionId={wq.id} variant="annotated" alt="题目" className="wq-card-img" />
+            <div key={wq.id} className="wq-card">
-              <div className="wq-card-body">
+              <div className="wq-card-click" onClick={() => onSelect(wq.id)}>
-                <Typography.Text strong>{wq.subject_name}</Typography.Text>
+                <AuthenticatedImage questionId={wq.id} variant="annotated" alt="题目" className="wq-card-img" />
-                {wq.category === 'olympiad' && (
+                <div className="wq-card-body">
-                  <Tag color="gold" style={{ marginLeft: 4 }}>
+                  <Space size={4} wrap>
-                    奥数
+                    <Typography.Text strong>{wq.subject_name}</Typography.Text>
-                  </Tag>
+                    {wq.category === 'olympiad' && <Tag color="gold">奥数</Tag>}
-                )}
+                    <Tag color={wq.error_message || wq.status === 'failed' ? 'error' : wq.status === 'pending' ? 'processing' : 'default'}>
-                <Typography.Text type="secondary" style={{ fontSize: 12, marginLeft: 8 }}>
+                      {wq.error_message ? '失败' : STATUS_LABELS[wq.status]}
-                  {STATUS_LABELS[wq.status]}
+                    </Tag>
-                </Typography.Text>
+                  </Space>
-                <Typography.Paragraph ellipsis={{ rows: 2 }} style={{ margin: '8px 0 0', fontSize: 13 }}>
+                  <Typography.Paragraph
-                  {wq.question_text || wq.ocr_raw_text || '处理中…'}
+                    ellipsis={{ rows: 3 }}
-                </Typography.Paragraph>
+                    style={{
+                      margin: '8px 0 0',
+                      fontSize: 13,
+                      color: summary.tone === 'error' ? '#ff4d4f' : summary.tone === 'pending' ? '#1677ff' : undefined,
+                    }}
+                  >
+                    {summary.text}
+                  </Typography.Paragraph>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+              <div className="wq-card-actions">
+                <Popconfirm title="确定删除该题？" onConfirm={() => handleDelete(wq.id)}>
+                  <Button
+                    type="text"
+                    danger
+                    size="small"
+                    icon={<DeleteOutlined />}
+                    onClick={(e) => e.stopPropagation()}
+                  >
+                    删除
+                  </Button>
+                </Popconfirm>
               </div>
             </div>
-            <div className="wq-card-actions">
+          )
-              <Popconfirm title="确定删除该题？" onConfirm={() => handleDelete(wq.id)}>
+        })}
-                <Button
-                  type="text"
-                  danger
-                  size="small"
-                  icon={<DeleteOutlined />}
-                  onClick={(e) => e.stopPropagation()}
-                >
-                  删除
-                </Button>
-              </Popconfirm>
-            </div>
-          </div>
-        ))}
       </div>
       {items.length === 0 && <Typography.Text type="secondary">{emptyText}</Typography.Text>}
       {selectedId && (

frontend/src/pages/WrongQuestionDetail.tsx

@@ -135,10 +135,22 @@ export default function WrongQuestionDetail({
           <>
             <Space wrap style={{ marginBottom: 8 }}>
               <Typography.Text type="secondary">状态：{STATUS_LABELS[wq.status]}</Typography.Text>
-              {wq.has_annotated_image && (
+              {wq.has_annotated_image && !wq.error_message && (
                 <Typography.Text type="danger">红色框为自动标注的错误位置</Typography.Text>
               )}
             </Space>
+            {wq.error_message && (
+              <Alert
+                message="处理失败"
+                description={wq.error_message}
+                type="error"
+                showIcon
+                style={{ marginBottom: 12 }}
+              />
+            )}
+            {wq.status === 'pending' && !wq.error_message && (
+              <Alert message="正在识别、标注并生成解题思路，请稍候…" type="info" showIcon style={{ marginBottom: 12 }} />
+            )}
             {(wq.solution_approach || wq.solution_text) && (
               <Alert
                 message="AI 识别与标注，请核对后再使用"

frontend/src/types/index.ts

@@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ export interface WrongQuestion {
   solution_text: string | null
   mark_regions: MarkRegion[] | null
   has_annotated_image: boolean
+  error_message: string | null
   status: WrongQuestionStatus
   created_at: string
 }