269 lines
7.7 KiB
Markdown
269 lines
7.7 KiB
Markdown
# 备份与恢复（Ubuntu 服务器）
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本文档面向 **VPS / Ubuntu**，项目统一放在 **`/opt/crypto_monitor_user`**，数据备份统一放在 **`/root/backups`**。
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| 类型 | 内容 | 存放位置 | 频率 |
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|------|------|----------|------|
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| **数据库 + 复盘图片** | `crypto.db`、`static/images` | `/root/backups/<实例名>/YYYY-MM-DD/` | 每天北京时间 **0:00**（cron） |
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| **`.env` 配置** | API、密码、风控参数等 | 项目目录 `.env.backup.日期`；可选集中拷到 `/root/backups/env/` | **升级 / 改配置前**手动执行 |
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> `.env` **不会**被自动备份脚本包含（含密钥，请单独备份）。
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> 三个常用实例：`crypto_monitor_binance`、`crypto_monitor_gate`、`crypto_monitor_gate_bot`。
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---
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## 一、首次安装：三个实例自动备份 + 试跑
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整段复制到 SSH 终端执行（需 **root** 或对该目录有写权限）：
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```bash
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apt install -y sqlite3 2>/dev/null || true
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for dir in crypto_monitor_binance crypto_monitor_gate crypto_monitor_gate_bot; do
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cd "/opt/crypto_monitor_user/${dir}" || exit 1
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chmod +x scripts/backup_data.sh scripts/install_backup_cron.sh
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bash scripts/install_backup_cron.sh
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bash scripts/backup_data.sh
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done
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echo "=== crontab ==="
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crontab -l
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echo "=== backup dirs ==="
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ls -la /root/backups/*/
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```
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成功后应有：
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- `crontab -l` 含一行 `CRON_TZ=Asia/Shanghai` + 三条 `0 0 * * * .../backup_data.sh`
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- `/root/backups/crypto_monitor_binance/2026-05-17/`（日期为当天）等目录，内含 `crypto.db`、`static_images.tar.gz`、`manifest.txt`
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日志路径：
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- `/var/log/crypto-monitor-backup-crypto_monitor_binance.log`
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- `/var/log/crypto-monitor-backup-crypto_monitor_gate.log`
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- `/var/log/crypto-monitor-backup-crypto_monitor_gate_bot.log`
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---
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## 二、仅安装某一个实例的自动备份
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把 `INSTANCE` 改成目录名后整段执行：
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```bash
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INSTANCE=crypto_monitor_binance
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cd "/opt/crypto_monitor_user/${INSTANCE}"
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chmod +x scripts/backup_data.sh scripts/install_backup_cron.sh
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bash scripts/install_backup_cron.sh
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bash scripts/backup_data.sh
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```
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`INSTANCE` 可选：`crypto_monitor_binance` | `crypto_monitor_gate` | `crypto_monitor_gate_bot`
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---
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## 三、手动立即备份（数据库 + 图片，三个实例）
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不等到 0 点，立刻各备份一次：
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```bash
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for dir in crypto_monitor_binance crypto_monitor_gate crypto_monitor_gate_bot; do
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echo ">>> ${dir}"
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bash "/opt/crypto_monitor_user/${dir}/scripts/backup_data.sh"
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done
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ls -la /root/backups/*/*/
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```
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---
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## 四、检查定时任务与备份是否正常
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```bash
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crontab -l
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ls -la /root/backups/*/
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du -sh /root/backups/*/
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tail -n 20 /var/log/crypto-monitor-backup-crypto_monitor_binance.log
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tail -n 20 /var/log/crypto-monitor-backup-crypto_monitor_gate.log
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tail -n 20 /var/log/crypto-monitor-backup-crypto_monitor_gate_bot.log
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```
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---
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## 五、`.env` 备份（升级 / git pull / 改密钥前）
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### 5.1 三个实例一次性备份到各自项目目录
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```bash
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DATE=$(TZ=Asia/Shanghai date +%Y%m%d)
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for dir in crypto_monitor_binance crypto_monitor_gate crypto_monitor_gate_bot; do
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src="/opt/crypto_monitor_user/${dir}/.env"
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dst="/opt/crypto_monitor_user/${dir}/.env.backup.${DATE}"
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if [ -f "$src" ]; then
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cp -a "$src" "$dst"
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echo "ok: $dst"
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else
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echo "skip (no .env): $src"
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fi
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done
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```
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### 5.2 同时集中备份到 `/root/backups/env/`（推荐）
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```bash
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DATE=$(TZ=Asia/Shanghai date +%Y%m%d)
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mkdir -p /root/backups/env
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for dir in crypto_monitor_binance crypto_monitor_gate crypto_monitor_gate_bot; do
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src="/opt/crypto_monitor_user/${dir}/.env"
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if [ -f "$src" ]; then
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cp -a "$src" "/root/backups/env/${dir}.env.${DATE}"
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echo "ok: /root/backups/env/${dir}.env.${DATE}"
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fi
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done
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ls -la /root/backups/env/
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```
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> `/root/backups/env/` 含密钥，勿上传网盘、勿提交 Git。
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---
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## 六、`.env` 恢复
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### 6.1 从项目目录内的备份恢复
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把 `INSTANCE` 和 `DATE` 改成实际值（`DATE` 为备份当天的 `YYYYMMDD`）：
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```bash
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INSTANCE=crypto_monitor_binance
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DATE=20260517
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cd "/opt/crypto_monitor_user/${INSTANCE}"
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cp -a ".env.backup.${DATE}" .env
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echo "restored .env from .env.backup.${DATE}"
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```
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### 6.2 从 `/root/backups/env/` 恢复
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```bash
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INSTANCE=crypto_monitor_binance
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DATE=20260517
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cp -a "/root/backups/env/${INSTANCE}.env.${DATE}" "/opt/crypto_monitor_user/${INSTANCE}/.env"
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echo "restored from /root/backups/env/${INSTANCE}.env.${DATE}"
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```
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恢复后重启对应 PM2 进程，例如：
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```bash
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pm2 restart crypto-monitor-binance
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pm2 restart crypto-monitor-gate
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pm2 restart crypto-monitor-gate-bot
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```
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（进程名以你 `pm2 list` 为准。）
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---
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## 七、数据库 + 复盘图片恢复
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从自动备份目录恢复。先停服务再覆盖，避免 SQLite 写入冲突。
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把 `INSTANCE`、`DATE`（文件夹名 `YYYY-MM-DD`）改成实际值：
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```bash
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INSTANCE=crypto_monitor_binance
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DATE=2026-05-17
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BK="/root/backups/${INSTANCE}/${DATE}"
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PROJ="/opt/crypto_monitor_user/${INSTANCE}"
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test -f "${BK}/crypto.db" || { echo "backup not found: ${BK}"; exit 1; }
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pm2 stop crypto-monitor-binance 2>/dev/null || true
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cp -a "${PROJ}/crypto.db" "${PROJ}/crypto.db.before_restore.$(date +%Y%m%d%H%M)" 2>/dev/null || true
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cp -a "${BK}/crypto.db" "${PROJ}/crypto.db"
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if [ -f "${BK}/static_images.tar.gz" ]; then
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tar -xzf "${BK}/static_images.tar.gz" -C "${PROJ}"
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fi
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pm2 start crypto-monitor-binance 2>/dev/null || true
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echo "restored ${INSTANCE} from ${BK}"
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```
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Gate / Gate Bot 将 `INSTANCE`、`pm2` 名称改为对应实例即可。
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---
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## 八、升级代码推荐顺序（含备份）
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```bash
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DATE=$(TZ=Asia/Shanghai date +%Y%m%d)
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mkdir -p /root/backups/env
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for dir in crypto_monitor_binance crypto_monitor_gate crypto_monitor_gate_bot; do
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PROJ="/opt/crypto_monitor_user/${dir}"
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[ -f "${PROJ}/.env" ] && cp -a "${PROJ}/.env" "/root/backups/env/${dir}.env.${DATE}"
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bash "${PROJ}/scripts/backup_data.sh" 2>/dev/null || true
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done
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cd /opt/crypto_monitor_user
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git pull
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for dir in crypto_monitor_binance crypto_monitor_gate crypto_monitor_gate_bot; do
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echo ">>> merge .env.example if needed: ${dir}"
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diff -u "${dir}/.env.example" "${dir}/.env" | head -30 || true
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done
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pm2 restart all
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```
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`git pull` 后对照各目录 **`.env.example`**，把**新增变量名**手动补进 `.env`（不会自动合并）。
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---
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## 九、备份目录结构说明
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```text
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/root/backups/
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env/ # .env 集中备份（手动）
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crypto_monitor_binance.env.20260517
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crypto_monitor_gate.env.20260517
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crypto_monitor_gate_bot.env.20260517
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crypto_monitor_binance/
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2026-05-17/
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crypto.db
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static_images.tar.gz
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manifest.txt
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crypto_monitor_gate/
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2026-05-17/
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...
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crypto_monitor_gate_bot/
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2026-05-17/
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...
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```
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- **保留策略**：自动备份目录按日期文件夹保留 **30 天**，超期在下次 `backup_data.sh` 运行时删除。
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- **可选 `.env` 变量**（写在各实例 `.env` 中）：`BACKUP_ROOT`、`BACKUP_RETENTION_DAYS`、`BACKUP_INSTANCE`（见各目录 `.env.example` 注释）。
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---
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## 十、卸载自动备份定时任务
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仅删除三个实例的 backup 行（保留其它 cron）：
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```bash
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for dir in crypto_monitor_binance crypto_monitor_gate crypto_monitor_gate_bot; do
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SCRIPT="/opt/crypto_monitor_user/${dir}/scripts/backup_data.sh"
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crontab -l 2>/dev/null | grep -vF "$SCRIPT" | crontab -
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done
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crontab -l
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```
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---
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## 十一、相关文档
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| 文档 | 说明 |
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|------|------|
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| [README.md](./README.md) | 仓库总览 |
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| [crypto_monitor_binance/部署文档.md](./crypto_monitor_binance/部署文档.md) | Binance 部署与备份细节 |
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| [crypto_monitor_gate/部署文档.md](./crypto_monitor_gate/部署文档.md) | Gate 部署 |
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| [crypto_monitor_gate_bot/部署文档.md](./crypto_monitor_gate_bot/部署文档.md) | Gate Bot 部署 |
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