dekun
f0a3317e8b
Route the panel through a secret subpath on port 80, remove the separate 8444 listener, and document common troubleshooting in docs. Co-authored-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>
190 lines
5.0 KiB
Markdown
190 lines
5.0 KiB
Markdown
# 运维与故障排查
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## 服务检查
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```bash
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# sing-box 是否运行
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systemctl is-active sing-box
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# 管理面板是否运行
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systemctl is-active jiedian-panel
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# 配置语法
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sing-box check -c /etc/sing-box/config.json
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# 端口监听
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ss -tlnp | grep 443 # Reality TCP
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ss -tlnp | grep 5080 # 面板后端（仅本机）
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ss -tlnp | grep :80 # Nginx（ACME + 面板反向代理）
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ss -ulnp | grep 8443 # Hysteria2 UDP
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# Nginx fallback
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curl -s http://127.0.0.1:8080
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```
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## 管理面板访问
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面板通过 **Nginx 80 端口反向代理**，不再单独暴露 8444。
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```bash
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# 查看面板路径（安装时自动生成或 .env 中配置）
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grep PANEL_PATH /opt/jiedian/.env
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# 示例：PANEL_PATH=jiedian-a1b2c3d4
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# 访问地址：http://66.hyf2.cc/jiedian-a1b2c3d4/
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curl -I "http://66.hyf2.cc/$(grep ^PANEL_PATH= /opt/jiedian/.env | cut -d= -f2)/login"
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```
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> 443 端口已被 sing-box Reality 占用，面板走 80 端口子路径。请妥善保管 `PANEL_PATH`，相当于隐藏入口。
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---
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## 常见问题
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### 面板打不开 / 404
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1. **路径不对**：必须用完整路径，末尾带 `/`，例如 `http://域名/jiedian-xxxx/login`
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2. **Nginx 未加载配置**：
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```bash
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nginx -t && systemctl reload nginx
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cat /etc/nginx/sites-available/acme | grep -A5 jiedian
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```
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3. **面板进程未运行**：
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```bash
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systemctl status jiedian-panel
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journalctl -u jiedian-panel -n 30 --no-pager
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curl -I http://127.0.0.1:5080/login
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```
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4. **阿里云安全组**：只需放行 `80/TCP`，**无需**再放行 8444
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### 面板登录后跳回登录页 / 样式丢失
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通常是子路径反向代理头未生效，检查 Nginx 是否包含：
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```nginx
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Prefix /你的PANEL_PATH;
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```
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修改后 `systemctl reload nginx`，并确认 `.env` 中 `PANEL_PATH` 与 Nginx 一致。
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### 设置了 PANEL_ALLOW_IP 后无法访问
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`.env` 中 `PANEL_ALLOW_IP` 会限制仅该 IP 可访问面板。本机公网 IP 变更后需更新并重装 Nginx 配置：
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```bash
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# 编辑 .env 后重新渲染 nginx
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cd /opt/jiedian
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bash scripts/install.sh # 或手动 sed acme 配置后 reload nginx
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```
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### 忘记面板密码或路径
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```bash
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grep -E 'PANEL_(USERNAME|PASSWORD|PATH)' /opt/jiedian/.env
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# 重置密码与 Reality 密钥
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bash scripts/generate-keys.sh
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```
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### acme.sh 证书申请失败
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```bash
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# 确认 DNS 已生效
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dig +short A your.domain.com
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# 确认 80 端口未被占用（nginx 需先启动）
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ss -tlnp | grep :80
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# 手动重试
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/root/.acme.sh/acme.sh --issue -d your.domain.com -w /var/www/acme --force
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```
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### sing-box 无法启动
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```bash
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journalctl -u sing-box -n 50 --no-pager
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```
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常见原因：证书路径错误、JSON 语法错误、443 被占用。
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```bash
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ss -tlnp | grep :443
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sing-box check -c /etc/sing-box/config.json
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```
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### 客户端能连但速度慢
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- 换 Hysteria2 节点（UDP/QUIC 抗丢包）
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- 检查 VPS 带宽：`wget -O /dev/null http://speedtest.tele2.net/100MB.zip`
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- 避免高峰时段长时间 4K 流媒体
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### IP 被封
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1. 向 VPS 商申请更换 IP
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2. 修改 `.env` 中 `REALITY_SERVER_NAME` 为其他大站（如 `www.apple.com`）
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3. 重新运行 `install.sh` 或手动更新 `/etc/sing-box/config.json` 并 restart
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### apt 锁被占用
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安装脚本会自动等待最多 10 分钟。若超时：
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```bash
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# 查看占用进程
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fuser /var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend
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# 等待 cloud-init / unattended-upgrades 结束后再执行
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bash scripts/install.sh
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```
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### SSH 主机密钥变更
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VPS 重装系统后，本地执行：
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```bash
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ssh-keygen -R 你的VPS_IP
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```
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### 卸载后重装
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```bash
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cd /opt/jiedian
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git pull
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bash scripts/uninstall.sh
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bash scripts/generate-keys.sh # 可选：重置密钥与面板密码
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bash scripts/install.sh
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```
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### 改用 Xray 替代 sing-box（可选）
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若更熟悉 Xray，可使用 `server/xray-server.json.template`：
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```bash
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# 安装 Xray
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bash -c "$(curl -L https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-install/raw/main/install-release.sh)" @ install
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# 渲染配置
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sed -e "s|\${UUID}|...|g" ... server/xray-server.json.template > /usr/local/etc/xray/config.json
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systemctl restart xray
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```
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Hysteria2 仍需单独部署（或使用 sing-box 仅跑 Hy2 inbound）。
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---
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## 防火墙与安全组对照
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| 端口 | 协议 | 用途 | 是否必须放行 |
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|------|------|------|-------------|
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| 22 | TCP | SSH | 是 |
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| 80 | TCP | ACME 验证 + **管理面板** | 是 |
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| 443 | TCP | VLESS + Reality | 是 |
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| 8443 | UDP | Hysteria2 | 是 |
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| ~~8444~~ | ~~TCP~~ | ~~旧版面板的独立 HTTPS~~ | **已废弃，无需放行** |
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## 安全建议
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- 使用随机 `PANEL_PATH`，不要公开分享面板地址
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- 可选在 `.env` 设置 `PANEL_ALLOW_IP=你的公网IP` 限制访问来源
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- SSH 改用密钥登录，禁用密码：`PermitRootLogin prohibit-password`
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- 可选修改 SSH 端口，ufw 放行新端口后再删 22
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- 不要将 `.env` 或节点分享链接上传到公开仓库
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